---
title: Gretel wept bitter tears, and said to Hansel: ‘Now all is over with… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Gretel wept bitter tears, and said to Hansel: ‘Now all is over with us.’ Who acts: Gretel, all. A sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Hansel and Gretel, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Grimms' Fairy Tales, Hansel and Gretel, sentence 12

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Gretel wept bitter tears, and said to Hansel: ‘Now all is over with us.’

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**Who acts:** Gretel, all · **What happens:** weep, say, hansel, be · **To what, where:** bitter tears · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Hansel and Gretel. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gretel, all), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2591:20:12
# text = Gretel wept bitter tears, and said to Hansel: ‘Now all is over with us.’
1	Gretel	Gretel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wept	weep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	tears	tear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	Hansel	hansel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
11	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	15	advmod	_	_
13	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	15	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	over	over	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
16	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **weep** | past | Gretel | bitter tears |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent tear=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Gretel *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **hansel** | to-infinitive | Gretel *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | present | all |  |  |  | now | with us; over *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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