---
title: Gretel began to weep bitterly, but it was all in vain, for she was f… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Gretel began to weep bitterly, but it was all in vain, for she was forced to do what the wicked witch commanded. Who acts: Gretel, door, witch. A sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Hansel and Gretel, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Grimms' Fairy Tales, Hansel and Gretel, sentence 95

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Gretel began to weep bitterly, but it was all in vain, for she was forced to do what the wicked witch commanded.

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**Who acts:** Gretel, door, witch · **What happens:** begin, weep, be, force, do, command · **To what, where:** witch, wicked witch · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Hansel and Gretel. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gretel, door, witch), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2591:20:95
# text = Gretel began to weep bitterly, but it was all in vain, for she was forced to do what the wicked witch commanded.
1	Gretel	Gretel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	weep	weep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	bitterly	bitterly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	all	all	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	vain	vain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
15	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	forced	force	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	xcomp	_	_
20	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	19	obj	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	wicked	wicked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	witch	witch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
24	commanded	command	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | Gretel |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **weep** | to-infinitive | Gretel *not said here* |  |  |  |  | bitterly *property* | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | past | door |  |  |  |  | all, vain *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **force** | past · passive |  | witch |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 5 | **do** | to-infinitive | witch *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |
| 6 | **command** | participle |  | the wicked witch *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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