---
title: He had not flown far, however, when he came across a dog who, having… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: He had not flown far, however, when he came across a dog who, having met the sausage, had regarded him as his legitimate booty, and so seized and swallowed him. Who acts: bird, dog. A sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Mouse, the Bird, and the Sausage, with its dependency tree and
---

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# Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Mouse, the Bird, and the Sausage, sentence 16

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He had not flown far, however, when he came across a dog who, having met the sausage, had regarded him as his legitimate booty, and so seized and swallowed him.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** bird, dog · **What happens:** not fly, come, meet, regard, seize, swallow · **To what, where:** bird, sausage

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Mouse, the Bird, and the Sausage. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bird, dog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2591:21:16
# text = He had not flown far, however, when he came across a dog who, having met the sausage, had regarded him as his legitimate booty, and so seized and swallowed him.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	flown	fly	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	however	however	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
12	across	across	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	having	have	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	aux	_	_
18	met	meet	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	14	acl:relcl	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	sausage	sausage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
23	regarded	regard	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	conj	_	_
24	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obj	_	_
25	as	as	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
27	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	booty	booty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
31	so	so	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
32	seized	seize	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	swallowed	swallow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	conj	_	_
35	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **fly** | past · perfect · passive |  | bird |  |  |  | far, however *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **come** | past | bird |  |  |  |  | across a dog | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme across dog=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **meet** | gerund · perfect | a dog | the sausage |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sausage=Co-Agent |
| 4 | **regard** | past · perfect | bird *not said here* | bird |  |  |  | as bird's legitimate booty | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.value»: agent=Agent he=Theme as booty=Value |
| 5 | **seize** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **swallow** | past |  | bird |  |  |  |  | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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