---
title: ‘Lift the latch,’ called out the grandmother, ‘I am too weak, and ca… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: ‘Lift the latch,’ called out the grandmother, ‘I am too weak, and cannot get up.’ Who acts: you, ’, I. A sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Little Red-cap [little Red Riding Hood], with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Grimms' Fairy Tales, Little Red-cap \[little Red Riding Hood\], sentence 27

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‘Lift the latch,’ called out the grandmother, ‘I am too weak, and cannot get up.’

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**Who acts:** you, ’, I · **What happens:** lift, call out, be, not get up · **To what, where:** latch, grandmother

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This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Little Red-cap \[little Red Riding Hood\]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, ’, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2591:23:27
# text = ‘Lift the latch,’ called out the grandmother, ‘I am too weak, and cannot get up.’
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Lift	lift	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	latch	latch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	’	'	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
7	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	out	out	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	grandmother	grandmother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
14	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	too	too	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	weak	weak	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
21	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	advcl	_	_
22	up	up	ADP	RP	_	21	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift** | imperative | you *not said here* | the latch |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent latch=Theme |
| 2 | **call out** *speech: assert* | participle | ’ *not said here* | the grandmother |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | I |  |  |  |  | weak *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **not** **get up** | can | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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