---
title: The poor betrothed girl crouched trembling and shuddering behind the… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The poor betrothed girl crouched trembling and shuddering behind the cask, for she saw what a terrible fate had been intended for her by the robbers. Who acts: poor, girl, robbers. A sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Robber Bridegroom, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics 
---

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# Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Robber Bridegroom, sentence 38

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The poor betrothed girl crouched trembling and shuddering behind the cask, for she saw what a terrible fate had been intended for her by the robbers.

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**Who acts:** poor, girl, robbers · **What happens:** betroth, crouch, tremble, shudder, see, intend · **To what, where:** cask, terrible fate · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Robber Bridegroom. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (poor, girl, robbers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2591:24:38
# text = The poor betrothed girl crouched trembling and shuddering behind the cask, for she saw what a terrible fate had been intended for her by the robbers.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	nsubj	_	_
3	betrothed	betroth	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	crouched	crouch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
6	trembling	tremble	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	xcomp	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	shuddering	shudder	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	conj	_	_
9	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	cask	cask	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
14	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
16	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	22	obj	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	terrible	terrible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	fate	fate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj:pass	_	_
20	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
21	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	22	aux:pass	_	_
22	intended	intend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	ccomp	_	_
23	for	for	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obl	_	_
25	by	by	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	robbers	robber	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **betroth** | past | the poor |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **crouch** | past | girl |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **tremble** | gerund | girl *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **shudder** | gerund | girl *not said here* |  |  | the cask |  |  | vn body\_internal\_states-40.6 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **see** | past | girl |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 6 | **intend** | past · perfect · passive | the robbers | a terrible fate |  |  |  | for girl | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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