--- title: ‘Ah!’ said he, ‘I have this load to carry: to be sure it is silver,… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics description: ‘Ah!’ said he, ‘I have this load to carry: to be sure it is silver, but it is so heavy that I can’t hold up my head, and you must know it hurts my shoulder sadly.’ Who acts: horseman, I, load, you. A sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Hans in Luck, with its dependency tree and the pra --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/3/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Grimms' Fairy Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/) / [Hans in Luck](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/3/) / 13 # Grimms' Fairy Tales, Hans in Luck, sentence 13 ‘Ah!’ said he, ‘I have this load to carry: to be sure it is silver, but it is so heavy that I can’t hold up my head, and you must know it hurts my shoulder sadly.’ **Who acts:** horseman, I, load, you · **What happens:** say, have, carry, be, not hold up, know · **To what, where:** load, head, shoulder · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Hans in Luck. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (horseman, I, load, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg2591:3:13 # text = ‘Ah!’ said he, ‘I have this load to carry: to be sure it is silver, but it is so heavy that I can’t hold up my head, and you must know it hurts my shoulder sadly.’ 1 ‘ ' PUNCT `` _ 5 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 Ah ah INTJ UH _ 5 discourse _ SpaceAfter=No 3 ! ! PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 4 ’ ' PUNCT '' _ 2 punct _ _ 5 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 8 ‘ ' PUNCT `` _ 10 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 9 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ _ 10 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 ccomp _ _ 11 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 12 det _ _ 12 load load NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 13 to to PART TO _ 14 mark _ _ 14 carry carry VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 15 : : PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 16 to to PART TO _ 18 mark _ _ 17 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 18 cop _ _ 18 sure sure ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 parataxis _ _ 19 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ _ 20 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 cop _ _ 21 silver silver ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 22 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 23 but but CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 24 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 25 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 cop _ _ 26 so so ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 27 heavy heavy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 conj _ _ 28 that that SCONJ IN _ 32 mark _ _ 29 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 30 ca can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 32 aux _ SpaceAfter=No 31 n’t not PART RB Polarity=Neg 32 advmod _ _ 32 hold hold VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 advcl _ _ 33 up up ADP RP _ 32 compound:prt _ _ 34 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ _ 35 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 36 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 38 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 40 nsubj _ _ 39 must must AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 40 aux _ _ 40 know know VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 conj _ _ 41 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 42 nsubj _ _ 42 hurts hurt VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 ccomp _ _ 43 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 44 nmod:poss _ _ 44 shoulder shoulder NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 obj _ _ 45 sadly sadly ADV RB _ 42 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 46 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 47 ’ ' PUNCT '' _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | horseman | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **have** | present | I | this load | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **carry** | to-infinitive | this load *not said here* | | | | | | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **is** | to-infinitive | | | | | | sure *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **is** | present | load | | | | | silver *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **is** | present | load | | | | | heavy *property* | tree rules | | 7 | **not** **hold up** | can | I | my head | | | | | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot head=Theme | | 8 | **know** | must | you | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 9 | **hurt** | present | load | my shoulder | | | | sadly *property* | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer shoulder=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/3/12/) - next →: [sentence 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/3/14/) - ↑ back to [Hans in Luck](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/3/)