---
title: Then said the maid: ‘What a clever Elsie we have!’ and sat down besi… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Then said the maid: ‘What a clever Elsie we have!’ and sat down beside her and began loudly to weep over the misfortune. Who acts: clever Elsie. A sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Clever Elsie, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Grimms' Fairy Tales, Clever Elsie, sentence 19

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Then said the maid: ‘What a clever Elsie we have!’ and sat down beside her and began loudly to weep over the misfortune.

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**Who acts:** clever Elsie · **What happens:** say, have, sit down, begin, weep · **To what, where:** maid, misfortune · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Clever Elsie. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (clever Elsie), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2591:32:19
# text = Then said the maid: ‘What a clever Elsie we have!’ and sat down beside her and began loudly to weep over the misfortune.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	maid	maid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
6	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	What	what	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	10	det	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	clever	clever	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	Elsie	Elsie	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
17	down	down	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	_
18	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
22	loudly	loudly	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	weep	weep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	xcomp	_	_
25	over	over	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	misfortune	misfortune	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past |  | the maid |  |  | then |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | present | what clever Elsie |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **sit down** | past |  |  |  |  |  | beside Elsie | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent beside she=Location |
| 4 | **begin** | past |  |  |  |  |  | loudly *property* | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 5 | **weep** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | the misfortune |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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