---
title: The wretch often disguises himself, but you will know him at once by… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The wretch often disguises himself, but you will know him at once by his rough voice and his black feet.’ Who acts: wretch, you. A sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Wolf and the Seven Little Kids, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Wolf and the Seven Little Kids, sentence 4

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The wretch often disguises himself, but you will know him at once by his rough voice and his black feet.’

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**Who acts:** wretch, you · **What happens:** disguise, know · **To what, where:** wretch

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This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Wolf and the Seven Little Kids. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wretch, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2591:35:4
# text = The wretch often disguises himself, but you will know him at once by his rough voice and his black feet.’
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wretch	wretch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	often	often	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	disguises	disguise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
11	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	10	obl	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
16	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
20	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **disguise** | present | the wretch | wretch |  |  |  | often *property* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme himself=Destination |
| 2 | **know** | future | you | wretch |  |  |  | by wretch's rough voice and wretch's black feet | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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