--- title: As soon as it was midnight, there came in two little naked dwarfs; a… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics description: As soon as it was midnight, there came in two little naked dwarfs; and they sat themselves upon the shoemaker’s bench, took up all the work that was cut out, and began to ply with their little fingers, stitching and rapping and tapping away at such a rate, that the shoemaker was all wonder, and coul --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/37/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Grimms' Fairy Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/) / [The Elves and the Shoemaker](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/37/) / 13 # Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Elves and the Shoemaker, sentence 13 As soon as it was midnight, there came in two little naked dwarfs; and they sat themselves upon the shoemaker’s bench, took up all the work that was cut out, and began to ply with their little fingers, stitching and rapping and tapping away at such a rate, that the shoemaker was all wonder, and could not take his eyes off them. **Who acts:** light, dwarfs, shoemaker · **What happens:** be, come in, sit, take up, cut out, begin · **To what, where:** two little naked dwarfs, dwarfs, bench, work, wonder, eyes This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Elves and the Shoemaker. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (light, dwarfs, shoemaker), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg2591:37:13 # text = As soon as it was midnight, there came in two little naked dwarfs; and they sat themselves upon the shoemaker’s bench, took up all the work that was cut out, and began to ply with their little fingers, stitching and rapping and tapping away at such a rate, that the shoemaker was all wonder, and could not take his eyes off them. 1 As as ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ 2 soon soon ADV RB Degree=Pos 9 advmod _ _ 3 as as ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 4 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ _ 5 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 6 midnight midnight NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 8 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 9 expl _ _ 9 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 10 in in ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 11 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 14 nummod _ _ 12 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 13 naked naked ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 dwarfs dwarf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 15 ; ; PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 17 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 18 sat sit VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 conj _ _ 19 themselves themselves PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 18 obj _ _ 20 upon upon ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 shoemaker shoemaker NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 23 ’s 's PART POS _ 22 case _ _ 24 bench bench NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 25 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 26 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ _ 27 up up ADP RP _ 26 compound:prt _ _ 28 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 30 det:predet _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 work work NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj _ _ 31 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 33 nsubj:pass _ _ 32 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 33 aux:pass _ _ 33 cut cut VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 30 acl:relcl _ _ 34 out out ADP RP _ 33 compound:prt _ SpaceAfter=No 35 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 37 began begin VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ _ 38 to to PART TO _ 39 mark _ _ 39 ply ply VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 37 xcomp _ _ 40 with with ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 41 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 43 nmod:poss _ _ 42 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 43 amod _ _ 43 fingers finger NOUN NNS Number=Plur 39 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 44 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 45 stitching stitch VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 39 advcl _ _ 46 and and CCONJ CC _ 47 cc _ _ 47 rapping rap VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 45 conj _ _ 48 and and CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 49 tapping tap VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 45 conj _ _ 50 away away ADV RB _ 49 advmod _ _ 51 at at ADP IN _ 54 case _ _ 52 such such DET PDT PronType=Ind 54 det:predet _ _ 53 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 54 det _ _ 54 rate rate NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 55 , , PUNCT , _ 61 punct _ _ 56 that that SCONJ IN _ 61 mark _ _ 57 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 58 det _ _ 58 shoemaker shoemaker NOUN NN Number=Sing 61 nsubj _ _ 59 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 61 cop _ _ 60 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 61 det _ _ 61 wonder wonder NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 62 , , PUNCT , _ 66 punct _ _ 63 and and CCONJ CC _ 66 cc _ _ 64 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 66 aux _ _ 65 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 66 advmod _ _ 66 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 advcl _ _ 67 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 68 nmod:poss _ _ 68 eyes eye NOUN NNS Number=Plur 66 obj _ _ 69 off off ADP IN _ 70 case _ _ 70 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 66 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 71 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | light | | | | | as midnight | tree rules | | 2 | **come in** | past | | two little naked dwarfs | | there | | soon *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **sit** | past | dwarfs *= dwarf* | dwarfs *= dwarf* | | the shoemaker's bench | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme upon bench=Location | | 4 | **take up** | past | dwarfs *= dwarf* *not said here* | all work | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent work=Theme | | 5 | **cut out** | past · passive | | all work | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality | | 6 | **begin** | past | dwarfs *= dwarf* *not said here* | | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 7 | **ply** | to-infinitive | dwarfs *= dwarf* *not said here* | | | | | with dwarfs's little fingers | vn equip-13.4.2 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP»: agent=Agent with finger=Theme | | 8 | **stitch** | gerund | dwarfs *= dwarf* *not said here* | | | | | | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | | 9 | **rap** | gerund | dwarfs *= dwarf* *not said here* | | | | | | vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V together»: agent=Theme | | 10 | **tap away** | gerund | dwarfs *= dwarf* *not said here* | | | | | at such rate; away *property* | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent at rate=Patient | | 11 | **is a** | past | the shoemaker | all wonder | | | | | tree rules | | 12 | **not** **take** | could | dwarfs *= dwarf* *not said here* | shoemaker's eyes | | | | off dwarfs *= dwarf* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent eye=Theme off they=Initial\_Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/37/12/) - next →: [sentence 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/37/14/) - ↑ back to [The Elves and the Shoemaker](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/37/)