---
title: ‘I was so miserable,’ she said, ‘when I came out, but that has all p… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: ‘I was so miserable,’ she said, ‘when I came out, but that has all passed away; that is indeed a splendid bird, and he has given me a pair of red shoes.’ Who acts: I, bird, that. A sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Juniper-tree, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ever
---

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# Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Juniper-tree, sentence 144

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
‘I was so miserable,’ she said, ‘when I came out, but that has all passed away; that is indeed a splendid bird, and he has given me a pair of red shoes.’

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**Who acts:** I, bird, that · **What happens:** be, say, come out, pass away, give · **To what, where:** that, splendid bird, father, me · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Juniper-tree. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, bird, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2591:38:144
# text = ‘I was so miserable,’ she said, ‘when I came out, but that has all passed away; that is indeed a splendid bird, and he has given me a pair of red shoes.’
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	miserable	miserable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
8	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	_
13	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
15	out	out	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
18	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	all	all	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	passed	pass	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	conj	_	_
22	away	away	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
24	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	29	nsubj	_	_
25	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	cop	_	_
26	indeed	indeed	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	splendid	splendid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
32	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj:pass	_	_
33	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
34	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	advcl	_	_
35	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	34	iobj	_	_
36	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	pair	pair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	amod	_	_
40	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | I |  |  |  |  | miserable *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | bird |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **come out** | past | I |  |  |  |  | out *property* | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **pass away** | present · perfect · passive |  | that |  |  |  | all, away *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **is a** | present | that | a splendid bird |  |  |  | indeed *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **give** | present · perfect · passive |  | father | me |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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