---
title: Poor Jorindel saw the nightingale was gone--but what could he do? — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Poor Jorindel saw the nightingale was gone--but what could he do? Who acts: Poor Jorindel, nightingale, owl. A sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Jorinda and Jorindel, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Grimms' Fairy Tales, Jorinda and Jorindel, sentence 27

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Poor Jorindel saw the nightingale was gone--but what could he do?

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**Who acts:** Poor Jorindel, nightingale, owl · **What happens:** see, be, do · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Jorinda and Jorindel. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Poor Jorindel, nightingale, owl), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2591:4:27
# text = Poor Jorindel saw the nightingale was gone--but what could he do?
1	Poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	Jorindel	Jorindel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	nightingale	nightingale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	gone	gone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
10	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	13	obj	_	_
11	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | Poor Jorindel |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is** | past | the nightingale |  |  |  |  | gone *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** | could | owl |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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