---
title: Gretel presents Hans with a needle, Hans says: ‘Goodbye, Gretel.’ — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Gretel presents Hans with a needle, Hans says: ‘Goodbye, Gretel.’ Who acts: Gretel, Hans. A sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Clever Hans, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Grimms' Fairy Tales, Clever Hans, sentence 12

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Gretel presents Hans with a needle, Hans says: ‘Goodbye, Gretel.’

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**Who acts:** Gretel, Hans · **What happens:** present, say · **To what, where:** Hans, Goodbye · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Clever Hans. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gretel, Hans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2591:40:12
# text = Gretel presents Hans with a needle, Hans says: ‘Goodbye, Gretel.’
1	Gretel	Gretel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	presents	present	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Hans	Han	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	needle	needle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	Hans	Hans	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	Goodbye	goodbye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	Gretel	Gretel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **present** | present | Gretel |  | Hans |  |  | with a needle | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP.theme»: agent=Agent han=Recipient with needle=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Hans | Goodbye |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent goodbye=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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