--- title: A farmer had a horse that had been an excellent faithful servant to… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics description: A farmer had a horse that had been an excellent faithful servant to him: but he was now grown too old to work; so the farmer would give him nothing more to eat, and said, ‘I want you no longer, so take yourself off out of my stable; I shall not take you back again until you are stronger than a lion. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/45/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Grimms' Fairy Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/) / [The Fox and the Horse](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/45/) / 1 # Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Fox and the Horse, sentence 1 A farmer had a horse that had been an excellent faithful servant to him: but he was now grown too old to work; so the farmer would give him nothing more to eat, and said, ‘I want you no longer, so take yourself off out of my stable; I shall not take you back again until you are stronger than a lion.’ **Who acts:** farmer, horse, I, you · **What happens:** have, be, grow, work, give, eat · **To what, where:** horse, excellent faithful servant, farmer, nothing, you, yourself · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Fox and the Horse. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (farmer, horse, I, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg2591:45:1 # text = A farmer had a horse that had been an excellent faithful servant to him: but he was now grown too old to work; so the farmer would give him nothing more to eat, and said, ‘I want you no longer, so take yourself off out of my stable; I shall not take you back again until you are stronger than a lion.’ 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 farmer farmer NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 horse horse NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 12 nsubj _ _ 7 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 aux _ _ 8 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 12 cop _ _ 9 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 10 excellent excellent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 11 faithful faithful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 servant servant NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 acl:relcl _ _ 13 to to ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 15 : : PUNCT : _ 20 punct _ _ 16 but but CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 17 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 18 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 20 aux:pass _ _ 19 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 20 advmod _ _ 20 grown grow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 conj _ _ 21 too too ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 22 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 xcomp _ _ 23 to to PART TO _ 24 mark _ _ 24 work work VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 25 ; ; PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 26 so so ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 farmer farmer NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nsubj _ _ 29 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 30 aux _ _ 30 give give VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 conj _ _ 31 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 iobj _ _ 32 nothing nothing PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 30 obj _ _ 33 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 32 amod _ _ 34 to to PART TO _ 35 mark _ _ 35 eat eat VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 33 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 36 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 38 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 39 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 40 ‘ ' PUNCT `` _ 42 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 41 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 42 nsubj _ _ 42 want want VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 38 ccomp _ _ 43 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 42 obj _ _ 44 no no ADV RB _ 45 advmod _ _ 45 longer long ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 42 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 46 , , PUNCT , _ 48 punct _ _ 47 so so ADV RB _ 48 advmod _ _ 48 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 38 ccomp _ _ 49 yourself yourself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 48 obj _ _ 50 off off ADP RP _ 48 compound:prt _ _ 51 out out ADP IN _ 54 case _ _ 52 of of ADP IN _ 54 case _ _ 53 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 54 nmod:poss _ _ 54 stable stable NOUN NN Number=Sing 48 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 55 ; ; PUNCT : _ 59 punct _ _ 56 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 59 nsubj _ _ 57 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 59 aux _ _ 58 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 59 advmod _ _ 59 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 parataxis _ _ 60 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 59 obj _ _ 61 back back ADV RB _ 59 advmod _ _ 62 again again ADV RB _ 59 advmod _ _ 63 until until SCONJ IN _ 66 mark _ _ 64 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 66 nsubj _ _ 65 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 66 cop _ _ 66 stronger strong ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 59 advcl _ _ 67 than than ADP IN _ 69 case _ _ 68 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 69 det _ _ 69 lion lion NOUN NN Number=Sing 66 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 70 . . PUNCT . _ 59 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 71 ’ ' PUNCT '' _ 59 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | past | a farmer | a horse | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Patient | | 2 | **is a** | past · perfect | a horse | a excellent faithful servant | farmer | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **grow** | past · passive | | farmer | | | now | old *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | | 4 | **work** | to-infinitive | | | | | | | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **give** | would | the farmer | nothing | horse | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient nothing=Theme | | 6 | **eat** | to-infinitive | the farmer *not said here* | | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 8 | **want** | present | I | you | | | | long *property* | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot you=Theme | | 9 | **take off** | infinitive | | yourself | | my stable | | | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent yourself=Theme out stable=Initial\_Location | | 10 | **not** **take back** | shall | I | | you | | again | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument you=Destination | | 11 | **is** | present | you | | | | | than a lion; strong *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [Lily and the Lion, 73](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/44/73/) - next →: [sentence 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/45/2/) - ↑ back to [The Fox and the Horse](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/45/)