---
title: When darkness came on, he saw a light, which he went up to, and came… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: When darkness came on, he saw a light, which he went up to, and came to a house wherein lived a witch. Who acts: darkness, light. A sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Blue Light, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Blue Light, sentence 4

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When darkness came on, he saw a light, which he went up to, and came to a house wherein lived a witch.

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**Who acts:** darkness, light · **What happens:** come on, see, go up, come, live · **To what, where:** light, house, witch

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This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Blue Light. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (darkness, light), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2591:46:4
# text = When darkness came on, he saw a light, which he went up to, and came to a house wherein lived a witch.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	darkness	darkness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
4	on	on	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
14	up	up	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
22	wherein	wherein	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	23	advmod	_	_
23	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	advcl	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	witch	witch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come on** | past | darkness |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **see** | past | darkness | a light |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer light=Stimulus |
| 3 | **go up** | past | a light |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 4 | **come** | past | darkness *not said here* |  |  | a house |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to house=Initial\_Location |
| 5 | **live** | past | darkness *not said here* | a witch |  |  |  | wherein *property* | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme witch=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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