---
title: As he drew near, the raven said, ‘I am by birth a king’s daughter, b… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: As he drew near, the raven said, ‘I am by birth a king’s daughter, but am now under the spell of some enchantment; you can, however, set me free.’ Who acts: man, raven, I. A sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Raven, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Raven, sentence 7

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As he drew near, the raven said, ‘I am by birth a king’s daughter, but am now under the spell of some enchantment; you can, however, set me free.’

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**Who acts:** man, raven, I · **What happens:** draw, say, be, set · **To what, where:** spell, me · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Raven. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, raven, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2591:47:7
# text = As he drew near, the raven said, ‘I am by birth a king’s daughter, but am now under the spell of some enchantment; you can, however, set me free.’
1	As	as	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	drew	draw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
4	near	near	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	raven	raven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
12	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	birth	birth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	ccomp	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	’s	's	PART	POS	_	16	case	_	_
18	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
20	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
21	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
22	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	25	advmod	_	_
23	under	under	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	spell	spell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	28	det	_	_
28	enchantment	enchantment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	31	punct	_	_
30	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
31	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	35	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
33	however	however	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
35	set	set	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	ccomp	_	_
36	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	35	obj	_	_
37	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	35	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	35	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | past | man |  |  |  |  | near *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the raven |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **is** | present | I |  |  |  |  | by birth; a king's daughter *nmod* | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | present |  |  |  | the spell | now | of some enchantment | tree rules |
| 5 | **set** | can |  | me |  |  |  | free, however *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient i=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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