---
title: After he had travelled a little way, he spied a dog lying by the roa… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: After he had travelled a little way, he spied a dog lying by the roadside and panting as if he were tired. Who acts: ass, dog. A sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Travelling Musicians, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Travelling Musicians, sentence 3

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After he had travelled a little way, he spied a dog lying by the roadside and panting as if he were tired.

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**Who acts:** ass, dog · **What happens:** travell, spy, lie, be · **To what, where:** little way, dog

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This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Travelling Musicians. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ass, dog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2591:5:3
# text = After he had travelled a little way, he spied a dog lying by the roadside and panting as if he were tired.
1	After	after	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	travelled	travell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	spied	spy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	lying	lie	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	acl	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	roadside	roadside	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	panting	panting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
19	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
20	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
21	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
22	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
23	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **travell** | past · perfect | ass | a little way |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **spy** | past | ass | a dog |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer dog=Stimulus |
| 3 | **lie** | gerund | a dog *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by the roadside and panting | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by roadside=Location |
| 4 | **is** | past | ass |  |  |  |  | tired *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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