--- title: ‘Alas!’ said the dog, ‘my master was going to knock me on the head,… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics description: ‘Alas!’ said the dog, ‘my master was going to knock me on the head, because I am old and weak, and can no longer make myself useful to him in hunting; so I ran away; but what can I do to earn my livelihood?’ Who acts: master, I. A sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Travelling Musi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/5/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Grimms' Fairy Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/) / [The Travelling Musicians](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/5/) / 5 # Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Travelling Musicians, sentence 5 ‘Alas!’ said the dog, ‘my master was going to knock me on the head, because I am old and weak, and can no longer make myself useful to him in hunting; so I ran away; but what can I do to earn my livelihood?’ **Who acts:** master, I · **What happens:** say, go, knock, be, make, run away · **To what, where:** dog, me, head, myself, livelihood · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Travelling Musicians. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (master, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg2591:5:5 # text = ‘Alas!’ said the dog, ‘my master was going to knock me on the head, because I am old and weak, and can no longer make myself useful to him in hunting; so I ran away; but what can I do to earn my livelihood?’ 1 ‘ ' PUNCT `` _ 5 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 Alas alas INTJ UH _ 5 discourse _ SpaceAfter=No 3 ! ! PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 4 ’ ' PUNCT '' _ 5 punct _ _ 5 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 dog dog NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 9 ‘ ' PUNCT `` _ 13 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 10 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ _ 11 master master NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ _ 12 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 13 aux _ _ 13 going go VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 5 ccomp _ _ 14 to to PART TO _ 15 mark _ _ 15 knock knock VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 13 xcomp _ _ 16 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 15 obj _ _ 17 on on ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 21 because because SCONJ IN _ 24 mark _ _ 22 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 23 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 cop _ _ 24 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 conj _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 weak weak ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 27 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 29 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 32 aux _ _ 30 no no ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 31 longer long ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 32 advmod _ _ 32 make make VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 33 myself myself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 32 obj _ _ 34 useful useful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 xcomp _ _ 35 to to ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 obl _ _ 37 in in ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 38 hunting hunting NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 39 ; ; PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 40 so so ADV RB _ 42 advmod _ _ 41 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 42 nsubj _ _ 42 ran run VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 43 away away ADV RB _ 42 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 44 ; ; PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 45 but but CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 46 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 49 obj _ _ 47 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 49 aux _ _ 48 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 49 nsubj _ _ 49 do do VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 ccomp _ _ 50 to to PART TO _ 51 mark _ _ 51 earn earn VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 49 advcl _ _ 52 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 53 nmod:poss _ _ 53 livelihood livelihood NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 54 ? ? PUNCT . _ 49 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 55 ’ ' PUNCT '' _ 49 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | | the dog | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **go** | past · progressive | my master | | | | | | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **knock** | to-infinitive | my master *not said here* | me | | the head | | | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent i=Theme on head=Destination | | 4 | **is** | present | I | | | | | old *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **be** | | I *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **make** | can | | myself | | | | long, useful *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset myself=Product | | 7 | **run away** | past | I | | | | | away *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 8 | **do** | can | I | | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality | | 9 | **earn** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | my livelihood | | | | | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent livelihood=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/5/4/) - next →: [sentence 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/5/6/) - ↑ back to [The Travelling Musicians](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/5/)