---
title: The little black dwarf soon came, and walked round and round about t… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The little black dwarf soon came, and walked round and round about the circle, but could not find any way to get into it, and he either could not, or dared not, jump over it. Who acts: little black dwarf. A sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The King of the Golden Mountain, with its d
---

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# Grimms' Fairy Tales, The King of the Golden Mountain, sentence 19

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The little black dwarf soon came, and walked round and round about the circle, but could not find any way to get into it, and he either could not, or dared not, jump over it.

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**Who acts:** little black dwarf · **What happens:** come, walk, not find, get, not dare, not jump · **To what, where:** way, circle

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This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The King of the Golden Mountain. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little black dwarf), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2591:51:19
# text = The little black dwarf soon came, and walked round and round about the circle, but could not find any way to get into it, and he either could not, or dared not, jump over it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	dwarf	dwarf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
6	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
10	round	round	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	round	round	ADV	RB	_	10	conj	_	_
13	about	about	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	circle	circle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
20	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
21	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	22	det	_	_
22	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	acl	_	_
25	into	into	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
29	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
30	either	either	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	31	advmod	_	_
31	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
32	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	31	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
34	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
35	dared	dare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
36	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	35	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
38	jump	jump	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	35	xcomp	_	_
39	over	over	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	38	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the little black dwarf |  |  |  |  | soon *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **walk** | past | the little black dwarf *not said here* |  |  |  |  | about the circle; round *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme about circle=Trajectory |
| 3 | **not** **find** | could | the little black dwarf *not said here* | any way |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic |
| 4 | **get** | to-infinitive | the little black dwarf *not said here* | any way *not said here* |  | circle |  |  | vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into it=Destination |
| 5 | **not** **dare** | past | the little black dwarf *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **not** **jump** | infinitive | the little black dwarf *not said here* |  |  | circle |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over it=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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