---
title: ‘You have cheated and taken in my father,’ said the son; ‘pray give… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: ‘You have cheated and taken in my father,’ said the son; ‘pray give him up his bond at once.’ Who acts: You, son, father. A sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The King of the Golden Mountain, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Grimms' Fairy Tales, The King of the Golden Mountain, sentence 26

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‘You have cheated and taken in my father,’ said the son; ‘pray give him up his bond at once.’

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**Who acts:** You, son, father · **What happens:** cheat, take, say, pray, give up, bond · **To what, where:** bond, son · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The King of the Golden Mountain. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, son, father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2591:51:26
# text = ‘You have cheated and taken in my father,’ said the son; ‘pray give him up his bond at once.’
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	cheated	cheat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	12	ccomp	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
12	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
16	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	pray	pray	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	ccomp	_	_
18	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	xcomp	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	iobj	_	_
20	up	up	ADP	RP	_	18	compound:prt	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	bond	bond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
23	at	at	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cheat** | present · perfect | You |  |  |  |  |  | vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **take** | participle | You *not said here* |  |  |  |  | in my father | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in father=Location |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the son |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **pray** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 5 | **give up** | infinitive |  | father's bond | son |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **bond** |  | father |  |  |  |  |  | nom bond «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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