--- title: ‘I am,’ said he, ‘a messenger sent by the king to find the finest sa… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics description: ‘I am,’ said he, ‘a messenger sent by the king to find the finest salad that grows under the sun. I have been lucky enough to find it, and have brought it with me; but the heat of the sun scorches so that it begins to wither, and I don’t know that I can carry it farther.’ Who acts: Countryman, fines --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/56/47/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Grimms' Fairy Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/) / [The Salad](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/56/) / 47 # Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Salad, sentence 47 ‘I am,’ said he, ‘a messenger sent by the king to find the finest salad that grows under the sun. I have been lucky enough to find it, and have brought it with me; but the heat of the sun scorches so that it begins to wither, and I don’t know that I can carry it farther.’ **Who acts:** Countryman, finest salad, I, heat, sun · **What happens:** say, send, find, grow, be, bring · **To what, where:** messenger, finest salad, sun., salad, heat · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Salad. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Countryman, finest salad, I, heat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg2591:56:47 # text = ‘I am,’ said he, ‘a messenger sent by the king to find the finest salad that grows under the sun. I have been lucky enough to find it, and have brought it with me; but the heat of the sun scorches so that it begins to wither, and I don’t know that I can carry it farther.’ 1 ‘ ' PUNCT `` _ 3 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 5 ’ ' PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ 6 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 9 ‘ ' PUNCT `` _ 11 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 messenger messenger NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 ccomp _ _ 12 sent send VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 11 acl _ _ 13 by by ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 16 to to PART TO _ 17 mark _ _ 17 find find VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 advcl _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 19 finest fine ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 20 amod _ _ 20 salad salad NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj _ _ 21 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 22 nsubj _ _ 22 grows grow VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 acl:relcl _ _ 23 under under ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 sun. sun. NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 26 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 27 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 aux _ _ 28 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 29 cop _ _ 29 lucky lucky ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 acl:relcl _ _ 30 enough enough ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 31 to to PART TO _ 32 mark _ _ 32 find find VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 29 advcl _ _ 33 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 34 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 36 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 aux _ _ 37 brought bring VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 6 conj _ _ 38 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 obj _ _ 39 with with ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 40 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 37 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 41 ; ; PUNCT , _ 48 punct _ _ 42 but but CCONJ CC _ 48 cc _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 heat heat NOUN NN Number=Sing 48 nsubj _ _ 45 of of ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 46 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 sun sun NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 nmod _ _ 48 scorches scorch VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 49 so so SCONJ IN ExtPos=SCONJ 52 mark _ _ 50 that that SCONJ IN _ 49 fixed _ _ 51 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 52 nsubj _ _ 52 begins begin VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 48 ccomp _ _ 53 to to PART TO _ 54 mark _ _ 54 wither wither VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 52 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 55 , , PUNCT , _ 60 punct _ _ 56 and and CCONJ CC _ 60 cc _ _ 57 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 60 nsubj _ _ 58 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 60 aux _ SpaceAfter=No 59 n’t not PART RB Polarity=Neg 60 advmod _ _ 60 know know VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 48 conj _ _ 61 that that SCONJ IN _ 64 mark _ _ 62 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 64 nsubj _ _ 63 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 64 aux _ _ 64 carry carry VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 60 advcl _ _ 65 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 64 obj _ _ 66 farther far ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 64 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 67 . . PUNCT . _ 48 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 68 ’ ' PUNCT '' _ 48 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Countryman | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **send** | participle | | a messenger *not said here* | | | | by the king | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **find** | to-infinitive | | the finest salad | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent salad=Topic | | 4 | **grow** | present | the finest salad | | | the sun. | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under sun.=Location | | 5 | **is** | present · perfect | I | the sun. *not said here* | | | | enough, lucky *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **find** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | salad | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic | | 7 | **bring** | present · perfect | Countryman *not said here* | salad | | | | with me | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 8 | **scorch** | present | the heat of the sun | | | | | | tree rules | | 9 | **begin** | present | heat | | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 10 | **wither** | to-infinitive | heat *not said here* | | | | | | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 11 | **not** **know** | present · do-support | I | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 12 | **carry** | can | I | heat | | | | far *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 13 | **heat** | | the sun | | | | | | nom heat «phenomenon intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 46](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/56/46/) - next →: [sentence 48](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/56/48/) - ↑ back to [The Salad](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/56/)