---
title: When he had gone a hundred steps or so, he heard a screaming and chi… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: When he had gone a hundred steps or so, he heard a screaming and chirping in the branches over him, and looked up and saw a flock of birds pulling a cloak with their bills and feet; screaming, fighting, and tugging at each other as if each wished to have it himself. Who acts: huntsman, birds. A sent
---

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# Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Salad, sentence 8

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When he had gone a hundred steps or so, he heard a screaming and chirping in the branches over him, and looked up and saw a flock of birds pulling a cloak with their bills and feet; screaming, fighting, and tugging at each other as if each wished to have it himself.

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**Who acts:** huntsman, birds · **What happens:** go, hear, scream, chirp, look up, see · **To what, where:** hundred steps, branches, flock, cloak, each

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Salad. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (huntsman, birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2591:56:8
# text = When he had gone a hundred steps or so, he heard a screaming and chirping in the branches over him, and looked up and saw a flock of birds pulling a cloak with their bills and feet; screaming, fighting, and tugging at each other as if each wished to have it himself.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	screaming	scream	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	xcomp	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	chirping	chirp	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	conj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	branches	branch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	_
20	over	over	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	parataxis	_	_
25	up	up	ADP	RP	_	24	compound:prt	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	conj	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	flock	flock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nmod	_	_
32	pulling	pull	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	31	acl	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	cloak	cloak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
35	with	with	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	37	nmod:poss	_	_
37	bills	bill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obl	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
39	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	41	punct	_	_
41	screaming	scream	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
43	fighting	fight	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	41	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
45	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
46	tugging	tug	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	41	conj	_	_
47	at	at	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
48	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	46	obl	_	_
49	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	48	fixed	_	_
50	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	53	mark	_	_
51	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	53	mark	_	_
52	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	53	nsubj:pass	_	_
53	wished	wish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	46	advcl	_	_
54	to	to	PART	TO	_	55	mark	_	_
55	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	53	xcomp	_	_
56	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	55	obj	_	_
57	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	55	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
58	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past · perfect | huntsman | hundred steps |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location step=Theme |
| 2 | **hear** | past | huntsman |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **scream** *speech: express* | gerund | huntsman *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **chirp** | gerund | huntsman *not said here* |  |  | the branches |  | over huntsman | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **look up** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 6 | **see** | past |  | a flock of birds |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer flock=Stimulus |
| 7 | **pull** | gerund | birds *not said here* | a cloak |  |  |  | with birds's bills and feet | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cloak=Theme |
| 8 | **scream** *speech: express* | gerund | huntsman *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 9 | **fight** | gerund | huntsman *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 10 | **tug** | gerund | huntsman *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at each | vn push-12-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent at each=Theme |
| 11 | **wish** | participle · passive |  | each |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 12 | **have** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | cloak |  |  |  | huntsman *obl:unmarked* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 13 | **bill** |  | birds *= bird* |  |  |  |  |  | nom bill «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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