---
title: And one day when the shepherd and his wife were standing together be… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: And one day when the shepherd and his wife were standing together before the house the shepherd said, ‘I will shoot old Sultan tomorrow morning, for he is of no use now.’ Who acts: shepherd, I. A sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Old Sultan, with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

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# Grimms' Fairy Tales, Old Sultan, sentence 2

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And one day when the shepherd and his wife were standing together before the house the shepherd said, ‘I will shoot old Sultan tomorrow morning, for he is of no use now.’

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**Who acts:** shepherd, I · **What happens:** stand together, say, shoot, be · **To what, where:** house · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Old Sultan. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shepherd, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2591:6:2
# text = And one day when the shepherd and his wife were standing together before the house the shepherd said, ‘I will shoot old Sultan tomorrow morning, for he is of no use now.’
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
2	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	shepherd	shepherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
10	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	advcl	_	_
12	together	together	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	before	before	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	shepherd	shepherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
22	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
23	shoot	shoot	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	ccomp	_	_
24	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
25	Sultan	Sultan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	_
26	tomorrow	tomorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	_
27	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
29	for	for	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
30	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
31	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	cop	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	34	det	_	_
34	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	_
35	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	34	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	23	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand together** | past · progressive | the shepherd and shepherd's wife |  |  | the house | day | together *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before house=Location |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the shepherd |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **shoot** | future | I |  |  |  | morning |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present | shepherd |  |  |  | now | for no use | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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