---
title: ‘There,’ cried the sparrow, ‘thou cruel villain, thou hast killed my… — Grimms' Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: ‘There,’ cried the sparrow, ‘thou cruel villain, thou hast killed my friend the dog. Who acts: thou, dog. A sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Dog and the Sparrow, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/9/23/)

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# Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Dog and the Sparrow, sentence 23

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‘There,’ cried the sparrow, ‘thou cruel villain, thou hast killed my friend the dog.

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**Who acts:** thou, dog · **What happens:** cry, villain, kill · **To what, where:** sparrow, thou

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This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Dog and the Sparrow. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, dog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2591:9:23
# text = ‘There,’ cried the sparrow, ‘thou cruel villain, thou hast killed my friend the dog.
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	5	expl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
5	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sparrow	sparrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	12	nsubj	_	_
11	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	villain	villain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	killed	kill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
17	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** *speech: express* | past |  | the sparrow |  | there |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sparrow=Topic |
| 2 | **villain** |  | thou |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **kill** | present · passive | the dog | thou |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer friend=Result |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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