---
title: Gaunt ice-covered rocks and dark clouds hung over a valley, where dw… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: Gaunt ice-covered rocks and dark clouds hung over a valley, where dwarf willows and barberry bushes stood clothed in green. Who acts: Gaunt covered rocks, dwarf willows. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Ninth Evening, with its dependency tree and the pragmati
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Ninth Evening, sentence 6

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Gaunt ice-covered rocks and dark clouds hung over a valley, where dwarf willows and barberry bushes stood clothed in green.

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**Who acts:** Gaunt covered rocks, dwarf willows · **What happens:** cover, hang, stand, clothe · **To what, where:** valley

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Ninth Evening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gaunt covered rocks, dwarf willows), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:100:6
# text = Gaunt ice-covered rocks and dark clouds hung over a valley, where dwarf willows and barberry bushes stood clothed in green.
1	Gaunt	gaunt	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
2	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	clouds	cloud	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
9	hung	hang	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	over	over	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	valley	valley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
14	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	20	advmod	_	_
15	dwarf	dwarf	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	willows	willow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	barberry	barberry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	bushes	bush	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	_
20	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
21	clothed	clothe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	xcomp	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **hang** | past | Gaunt covered rocks and dark clouds |  |  | a valley |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over valley=Location |
| 3 | **stand** | past | dwarf willows and barberry bushes |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 4 | **clothe** | participle | dwarf willows and barberry bushes *not said here* |  |  |  |  | in green | vn dress-41.1.1-1-2 «Passive»: agent=Pivot in green=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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