---
title: To the present generation these are old pictures, but I saw when the… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: To the present generation these are old pictures, but I saw when they were put up, and marked how one followed the other. Who acts: these, I, one. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Twenty-second Evening, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cla
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Twenty-second Evening, sentence 4

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To the present generation these are old pictures, but I saw when they were put up, and marked how one followed the other.

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**Who acts:** these, I, one · **What happens:** be, see, put up, mark, follow · **To what, where:** old pictures, pictures, other · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Twenty-second Evening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (these, I, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:113:4
# text = To the present generation these are old pictures, but I saw when they were put up, and marked how one followed the other.
1	To	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	present	present	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	generation	generation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
5	these	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	8	nsubj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	pictures	picture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
13	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	16	advmod	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	ccomp	_	_
17	up	up	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	marked	mark	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
21	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	23	advmod	_	_
22	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	23	nsubj	_	_
23	followed	follow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	advcl	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | these | old pictures |  |  | to the present generation |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **see** | past | I | old pictures *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **put up** | past · passive |  | pictures *= picture* |  |  |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: subject=Goal |
| 4 | **mark** | past | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **follow** | past | one | the other |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent other=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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