---
title: Each boy now took his gun, and the bear was obliged to have one too,… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: Each boy now took his gun, and the bear was obliged to have one too, and he held it up quite properly. Who acts: boy. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Thirtieth Evening, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Thirtieth Evening, sentence 15

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Each boy now took his gun, and the bear was obliged to have one too, and he held it up quite properly.

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**Who acts:** boy · **What happens:** take, oblige, have, hold up · **To what, where:** gun, bear, one

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Thirtieth Evening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:121:15
# text = Each boy now took his gun, and the bear was obliged to have one too, and he held it up quite properly.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
4	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	gun	gun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	obliged	oblige	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	xcomp	_	_
15	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	obj	_	_
16	too	too	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	held	hold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
21	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	up	up	ADP	RP	_	20	compound:prt	_	_
23	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
24	properly	properly	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | each boy | boy's gun |  |  | now |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gun=Theme |
| 2 | **oblige** | past · passive |  | the bear |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result |
| 3 | **have** | to-infinitive |  | one |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Patient |
| 4 | **hold up** | past | boy | bear |  |  |  | properly *property* | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot it=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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