--- title: He stepped into the carriage, the door was closed, the whip cracked,… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics description: He stepped into the carriage, the door was closed, the whip cracked, and the horses gallopped off into the thick forest, whither my rays were not able to follow him; but as I glanced through the grated window, my rays glided over the notes, his last farewell engraved on the prison wall--where words --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/122/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/) / [Thirty-first Evening](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/122/) / 8 # Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Thirty-first Evening, sentence 8 He stepped into the carriage, the door was closed, the whip cracked, and the horses gallopped off into the thick forest, whither my rays were not able to follow him; but as I glanced through the grated window, my rays glided over the notes, his last farewell engraved on the prison wall--where words fail, sounds can often speak. **Who acts:** prisoner, whip, horses, rays, I, words · **What happens:** step, close, crack, gallopp off, not be, follow · **To what, where:** carriage, door, thick forest, prisoner, notes, last farewell · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Thirty-first Evening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (prisoner, whip, horses, rays), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg27200:122:8 # text = He stepped into the carriage, the door was closed, the whip cracked, and the horses gallopped off into the thick forest, whither my rays were not able to follow him; but as I glanced through the grated window, my rays glided over the notes, his last farewell engraved on the prison wall--where words fail, sounds can often speak. 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 stepped step VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 into into ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 carriage carriage NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 6 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 door door NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj:pass _ _ 9 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 aux:pass _ _ 10 closed close VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 whip whip NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 14 cracked crack VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 15 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 horses horse NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nsubj _ _ 19 gallopped gallopp VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 20 off off ADP RP _ 19 compound:prt _ _ 21 into into ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 23 thick thick ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 forest forest NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 25 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 26 whither whither ADV WRB PronType=Int 31 advmod _ _ 27 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ _ 28 rays ray NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nsubj _ _ 29 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 31 cop _ _ 30 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 31 advmod _ _ 31 able able ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 conj _ _ 32 to to PART TO _ 33 mark _ _ 33 follow follow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 31 xcomp _ _ 34 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 35 ; ; PUNCT : _ 39 punct _ _ 36 but but CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 37 as as SCONJ IN _ 39 mark _ _ 38 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 39 nsubj _ _ 39 glanced glance VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 40 through through ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 42 grated grate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 43 amod _ _ 43 window window NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 44 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 45 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 46 nmod:poss _ _ 46 rays ray NOUN NNS Number=Plur 47 nsubj _ _ 47 glided glide VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 39 conj _ _ 48 over over ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 49 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 notes note NOUN NNS Number=Plur 47 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 51 , , PUNCT , _ 54 punct _ _ 52 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 54 nmod:poss _ _ 53 last last ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 54 amod _ _ 54 farewell farewell NOUN NN Number=Sing 50 nmod _ _ 55 engraved engrave VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 54 acl _ _ 56 on on ADP IN _ 59 case _ _ 57 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 59 det _ _ 58 prison prison NOUN NN Number=Sing 59 compound _ _ 59 wall wall NOUN NN Number=Sing 55 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 60 -- -- PUNCT , _ 63 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 61 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 63 advmod _ _ 62 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 63 nsubj _ _ 63 fail fail VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 59 acl:relcl _ SpaceAfter=No 64 , , PUNCT , _ 68 punct _ _ 65 sounds sound NOUN NNS Number=Plur 68 nsubj _ _ 66 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 68 aux _ _ 67 often often ADV RB _ 68 advmod _ _ 68 speak speak VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 47 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 69 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **step** | past | prisoner | | | the carriage | | | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into carriage=Destination | | 2 | **close** | past · passive | | the door | | | | | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 3 | **crack** | past | the whip | | | | | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **gallopp off** | past | the horses | | | the thick forest | | | tree rules | | 5 | **not** **is** | past | my rays | | | | | able, whither *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **follow** | to-infinitive | my rays *not said here* | prisoner | | | | | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | | 7 | **glance** | past | I | | | | | through the grated window | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent through window=Theme | | 8 | **grate** | participle | | | | | | | vn appeal-31.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus | | 9 | **glide** | past | my rays | | | the notes prisoner's last farewell | | | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over note=Trajectory | | 10 | **engrave** | participle | | prisoner's last farewell *not said here* | | the prison wall | | | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent on wall=Destination | | 11 | **fail** | present | words | | | | | | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 12 | **speak** *speech: other* | can | sounds | | | | | often *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 13 | **ray** | | my | | | | | | nom ray «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent | | 14 | **ray** | | my | | | | | | nom ray «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/122/7/) - next →: [sentence 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/122/9/) - ↑ back to [Thirty-first Evening](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/122/)