---
title: The Chinese really were fond of their emperor, and he now lay so ill… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: The Chinese really were fond of their emperor, and he now lay so ill that he was not expected to live. Who acts: Chinese, grief. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Nightingale, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Nightingale, sentence 111

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The Chinese really were fond of their emperor, and he now lay so ill that he was not expected to live.

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**Who acts:** Chinese, grief · **What happens:** be, lie, not expect, live · **To what, where:** grief

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Nightingale. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chinese, grief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:125:111
# text = The Chinese really were fond of their emperor, and he now lay so ill that he was not expected to live.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Chinese	Chinese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	nsubj	_	_
3	really	really	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	fond	fond	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	emperor	emperor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	13	advmod	_	_
13	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
14	so	so	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	xcomp	_	_
16	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
19	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
20	expected	expect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	advcl	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	live	live	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the Chinese |  |  |  |  | of words's emperor; fond *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **lie** | past | grief |  |  |  | now | ill *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **expect** | past · passive |  | grief |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **live** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | grief *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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