---
title: There were large holes and long cracks, out of which grew grass and… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: There were large holes and long cracks, out of which grew grass and leaves, indeed the whole balcony, the courtyard, and the walls were so overgrown with green that they looked like a garden. Who acts: large holes, walls. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The 
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Old House, sentence 32

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There were large holes and long cracks, out of which grew grass and leaves, indeed the whole balcony, the courtyard, and the walls were so overgrown with green that they looked like a garden.

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**Who acts:** large holes, walls · **What happens:** be, grow, overgrow, look · **To what, where:** grass, walls

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Old House. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (large holes, walls), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:131:32
# text = There were large holes and long cracks, out of which grew grass and leaves, indeed the whole balcony, the courtyard, and the walls were so overgrown with green that they looked like a garden.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	holes	hole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	cracks	crack	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	out	out	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
13	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	indeed	indeed	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	balcony	balcony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	courtyard	courtyard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nsubj:pass	_	_
28	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux:pass	_	_
29	so	so	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
30	overgrown	overgrow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	_
31	with	with	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	obl	_	_
33	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	35	mark	_	_
34	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	35	nsubj	_	_
35	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	advcl	_	_
36	like	like	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | large holes and long cracks |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **grow** | past |  | grass and leaves and the whole balcony and the courtyard |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location grass=Theme |
| 3 | **overgrow** | past · passive |  | the walls |  |  |  | with green | tree rules |
| 4 | **look** | past | walls *= wall* |  |  |  |  | like a garden | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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