---
title: This was the lamp's last night in the street, and to-morrow he must… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: This was the lamp's last night in the street, and to-morrow he must go to the town-hall,--two very dark things to think of. Who acts: This, watchman. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Old Street Lamp, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cl
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Old Street Lamp, sentence 14

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This was the lamp's last night in the street, and to-morrow he must go to the town-hall,--two very dark things to think of.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** This, watchman · **What happens:** be, go, think · **To what, where:** last night, street, morrow

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Old Street Lamp. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, watchman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:133:14
# text = This was the lamp's last night in the street, and to-morrow he must go to the town-hall,--two very dark things to think of.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	lamp	lamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	street	street	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	morrow	morrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
16	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	parataxis	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
21	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	hall	hall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	29	nummod	_	_
27	very	very	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
28	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	parataxis	_	_
30	to	to	PART	TO	_	31	mark	_	_
31	think	think	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	acl	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | This | the lamp's last night |  | the street |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **go** | must | watchman |  |  | morrow |  | to the town hall | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme to morrow=Initial\_Location to hall=Destination |
| 3 | **think** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | watchman *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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