---
title: I saw them become the dwelling-place of birds that are unknown to us… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: I saw them become the dwelling-place of birds that are unknown to us, and then become the seat of wild chiefs of whom we know nothing, until with their axes they cut their Runic signs into a few of these stones, which then came into the calendar of time. Who acts: I, persons, birds, we. A sentence o
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/136/39/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/) / [First Visit](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/136/) / 39

# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, First Visit, sentence 39

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I saw them become the dwelling-place of birds that are unknown to us, and then become the seat of wild chiefs of whom we know nothing, until with their axes they cut their Runic signs into a few of these stones, which then came into the calendar of time.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, persons, birds, we, stones · **What happens:** see, become, be, know, cut, come · **To what, where:** persons, dwelling place, us, seat, nothing, Runic signs

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, First Visit. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, persons, birds, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:136:39
# text = I saw them become the dwelling-place of birds that are unknown to us, and then become the seat of wild chiefs of whom we know nothing, until with their axes they cut their Runic signs into a few of these stones, which then came into the calendar of time.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	become	become	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	dwelling	dwelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	xcomp	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
12	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	unknown	unknown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	acl:relcl	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	19	advmod	_	_
19	become	become	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	xcomp	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	chiefs	chief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nmod	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	24	nmod	_	_
27	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	know	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	acl:relcl	_	_
29	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	28	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
31	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	36	mark	_	_
32	with	with	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	axes	ax	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	obl	_	_
35	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	nsubj	_	_
36	cut	cut	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
37	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	39	nmod:poss	_	_
38	Runic	runic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
39	signs	sign	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	obj	_	_
40	into	into	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	obl	_	_
43	of	of	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
44	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	45	det	_	_
45	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
47	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	49	nsubj	_	_
48	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	49	advmod	_	_
49	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	45	acl:relcl	_	_
50	into	into	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
51	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
52	calendar	calendar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	obl	_	_
53	of	of	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
54	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
55	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | I | persons *= person* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **become** | infinitive | persons *= person* *not said here* | the dwelling place of birds |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **is** | present | birds |  | us |  |  | unknown *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **become** | infinitive | I *not said here* | the seat of wild chiefs of the seat of wild chiefs of the seat |  |  | then |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **know** | present | we | nothing |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer nothing=Stimulus |
| 6 | **cut** | past | persons *= person* | persons's Runic signs |  |  |  | into a few *result*; with persons's axes | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP PP.result PP.instrument»: agent=Agent sign=Patient with ax=Instrument into few=Result |
| 7 | **come** | past | this stones |  |  | the calendar of time | then |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into calendar=Initial\_Location |
| 8 | **sign** |  | persons *= person* |  |  |  |  |  | nom sign «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/136/38/)
- next →: [sentence 40](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/136/40/)
- ↑ back to [First Visit](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/136/)