---
title: In years gone by he was a beautiful boy; now that is all past." — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: In years gone by he was a beautiful boy; now that is all past." Who acts: Zephyr, that. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Garden of Paradise, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Garden of Paradise, sentence 62

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In years gone by he was a beautiful boy; now that is all past."

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**Who acts:** Zephyr, that · **What happens:** go, be · **To what, where:** beautiful boy

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Garden of Paradise. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Zephyr, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:140:62
# text = In years gone by he was a beautiful boy; now that is all past."
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	15	advmod	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	15	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	15	det	_	_
15	past	past	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | participle |  |  |  |  | year |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Zephyr | a beautiful boy |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present | that |  |  |  | now | past *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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