---
title: Are air balloons invented yet?" he asked of his father, who knew of… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: Are air balloons invented yet?" he asked of his father, who knew of all inventions that had been made, or would be made. Who acts: conveyance, father. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Philosopher's Stone, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of eve
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Philosopher's Stone, sentence 153

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Are air balloons invented yet?" he asked of his father, who knew of all inventions that had been made, or would be made.

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**Who acts:** conveyance, father · **What happens:** be, invent, ask, know, make · **To what, where:** air balloons, inventions · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Philosopher's Stone. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (conveyance, father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:143:153
# text = Are air balloons invented yet?" he asked of his father, who knew of all inventions that had been made, or would be made.
1	Are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
2	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	balloons	balloon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	invented	invent	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	18	det	_	_
18	inventions	invention	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
19	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	22	obl	_	_
20	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
21	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	22	aux:pass	_	_
22	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
25	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
26	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	aux:pass	_	_
27	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | air balloons |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **invent** | participle · passive |  | air balloons |  |  | yet |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **ask** *speech: ask* *in a quote* | past | conveyance |  |  |  |  | of conveyance's father | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V PP.recipient how S»: agent=Agent of father=Recipient |
| 4 | **know** *in a quote* | past | conveyance's father |  |  |  |  | of all inventions | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer of invention=Stimulus |
| 5 | **make** *in a quote* | past · perfect · passive |  | all inventions |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP» |
| 6 | **make** *in a quote* | would · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP» |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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