---
title: "You have a lovely voice," said one of the eldest ducks; "it must be… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: "You have a lovely voice," said one of the eldest ducks; "it must be great satisfaction to you to be able to give so much pleasure as you do. Who acts: You, one, voice. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Portuguese Duck, with its dependency tree and the pra
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Portuguese Duck, sentence 34

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"You have a lovely voice," said one of the eldest ducks; "it must be great satisfaction to you to be able to give so much pleasure as you do.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** You, one, voice · **What happens:** have, say, be, give, do · **To what, where:** lovely voice, great satisfaction, you, much pleasure · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Portuguese Duck. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, one, voice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:145:34
# text = "You have a lovely voice," said one of the eldest ducks; "it must be great satisfaction to you to be able to give so much pleasure as you do.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	lovely	lovely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nsubj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	eldest	eld	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	14	amod	_	_
14	ducks	duck	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
16	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
18	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
19	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	cop	_	_
20	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	satisfaction	satisfaction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	ccomp	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	21	nmod	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
25	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	cop	_	_
26	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	advcl	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	xcomp	_	_
29	so	so	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
30	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	pleasure	pleasure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
32	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	34	mark	_	_
33	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
34	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** *in a quote* | present | You | a lovely voice |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent voice=Patient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | one of the eldest ducks |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | must | voice | great satisfaction | you |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | voice *not said here* |  |  |  |  | able *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **give** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | voice *not said here* | much pleasure |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pleasure=Theme |
| 6 | **do** *in a quote* | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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