---
title: The ducks, even the Portuguese, are all aquatic birds, as you must h… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: The ducks, even the Portuguese, are all aquatic birds, as you must have noticed. Who acts: ducks, you. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Portuguese Duck, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Portuguese Duck, sentence 49

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The ducks, even the Portuguese, are all aquatic birds, as you must have noticed.

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**Who acts:** ducks, you · **What happens:** be, notice · **To what, where:** aquatic birds

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Portuguese Duck. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ducks, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:145:49
# text = The ducks, even the Portuguese, are all aquatic birds, as you must have noticed.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ducks	duck	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	even	even	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Portuguese	portuguese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
9	all	all	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	aquatic	aquatic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
14	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
15	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
16	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	aux	_	_
17	noticed	notice	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the ducks | aquatic birds |  |  |  | all *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **notice** | must · perfect | you | aquatic birds *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer bird=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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