---
title: Merchant Bronne had himself been at Hamlet's grave; they spoke about… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: Merchant Bronne had himself been at Hamlet's grave; they spoke about old times, and about their neighbours, the English and the Scotch, and Jurgen sang the air of "The King of England's Son," and of his splendid ship and its outfit. Who acts: Merchant, grave, Jurgen. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Ha
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, A Story From the Sand-hills, part 5, sentence 17

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Merchant Bronne had himself been at Hamlet's grave; they spoke about old times, and about their neighbours, the English and the Scotch, and Jurgen sang the air of "The King of England's Son," and of his splendid ship and its outfit.

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**Who acts:** Merchant, grave, Jurgen · **What happens:** have, speak, sing · **To what, where:** Merchant, air · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, A Story From the Sand-hills, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Merchant, grave, Jurgen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:162:17
# text = Merchant Bronne had himself been at Hamlet's grave; they spoke about old times, and about their neighbours, the English and the Scotch, and Jurgen sang the air of "The King of England's Son," and of his splendid ship and its outfit.
1	Merchant	merchant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Bronne	Bronne	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	3	obj	_	_
5	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	aux	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	Hamlet	Hamlet	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	grave	grave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
13	about	about	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
18	about	about	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	neighbours	neighbour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	parataxis	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	Scotch	scotch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
29	Jurgen	Jurgen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
30	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
34	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	36	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
38	England	England	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	40	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	's	's	PART	POS	_	38	case	_	_
40	Son	Son	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	40	punct	_	_
43	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	47	cc	_	_
44	of	of	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
45	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	47	nmod:poss	_	_
46	splendid	splendid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	47	amod	_	_
47	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	conj	_	_
48	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	50	cc	_	_
49	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	50	nmod:poss	_	_
50	outfit	outfit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | participle | Merchant | Merchant |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Patient |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | grave |  |  |  | time |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | Jurgen | the air of the King of England's Son and Merchant's splendid ship and ship's outfit |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location air=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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