---
title: Now the clouds cast a shadow over the water, then again came the pla… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: Now the clouds cast a shadow over the water, then again came the playing sunbeams; flocks of loudly screaming birds passed over him, and the plump and lazy wild ducks which allow themselves to be drifted by the waves rose up terrified at the sight of the swimmer. Who acts: clouds, flocks, lazy wild 
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, A Story From the Sand-hills, part 5, sentence 53

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now the clouds cast a shadow over the water, then again came the playing sunbeams; flocks of loudly screaming birds passed over him, and the plump and lazy wild ducks which allow themselves to be drifted by the waves rose up terrified at the sight of the swimmer.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** clouds, flocks, lazy wild ducks, waves, plump · **What happens:** cast, come, scream, pass, allow, drift · **To what, where:** shadow, water, playing sunbeams, plump, sight, swimmer

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, A Story From the Sand-hills, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (clouds, flocks, lazy wild ducks, waves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:162:53
# text = Now the clouds cast a shadow over the water, then again came the playing sunbeams; flocks of loudly screaming birds passed over him, and the plump and lazy wild ducks which allow themselves to be drifted by the waves rose up terrified at the sight of the swimmer.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	clouds	cloud	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	cast	cast	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	over	over	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	13	advmod	_	_
12	again	again	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	playing	playing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	sunbeams	sunbeam	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
18	flocks	flock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	loudly	loudly	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	screaming	scream	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	22	amod	_	_
22	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	_
23	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
24	over	over	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	plump	plump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	nsubj	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
31	lazy	lazy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
32	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	ducks	duck	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	conj	_	_
34	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	35	nsubj	_	_
35	allow	allow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	33	acl:relcl	_	_
36	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	35	obj	_	_
37	to	to	PART	TO	_	39	mark	_	_
38	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	39	aux:pass	_	_
39	drifted	drift	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	35	xcomp	_	_
40	by	by	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	obl:agent	_	_
43	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	conj	_	_
44	up	up	ADP	RP	_	43	compound:prt	_	_
45	terrified	terrified	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	xcomp	_	_
46	at	at	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
47	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
48	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	obl	_	_
49	of	of	ADP	IN	_	51	case	_	_
50	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	51	det	_	_
51	swimmer	swimmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cast** | past | the clouds | a shadow |  | the water | now |  | vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent shadow=Theme over water=Destination |
| 2 | **come** | past | the clouds *not said here* | the playing sunbeams |  |  | then; again |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location sunbeam=Theme |
| 3 | **scream** *speech: express* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | loudly *property* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **pass** | past | flocks of screaming birds |  |  |  |  | over Jurgen | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme over he=Location |
| 5 | **allow** | present | lazy wild ducks | plump |  |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Causer themselves=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality |
| 6 | **drift** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive · passive | the waves |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **rise up** | past | the plump and lazy wild ducks |  |  | the sight of the swimmer |  | terrified *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at sight=Location |
| 8 | **sight** |  |  | the swimmer |  |  |  |  | nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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