---
title: In Spain, where balmy breezes blow over the Moorish cupolas and gent… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: In Spain, where balmy breezes blow over the Moorish cupolas and gently stir the orange and myrtle groves, where singing and the sound of the castanets are always heard, the richest merchant in the place, a childless old man, sat in a luxurious house, while children marched in procession through the 
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, A Story From the Sand-hills, part 5, sentence 90

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In Spain, where balmy breezes blow over the Moorish cupolas and gently stir the orange and myrtle groves, where singing and the sound of the castanets are always heard, the richest merchant in the place, a childless old man, sat in a luxurious house, while children marched in procession through the streets with waving flags and lighted tapers.

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**Who acts:** balmy breezes · **What happens:** blow, stir, sing, hear, sit, march · **To what, where:** Spain, orange, sound, children, luxurious house, procession

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, A Story From the Sand-hills, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (balmy breezes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:162:90
# text = In Spain, where balmy breezes blow over the Moorish cupolas and gently stir the orange and myrtle groves, where singing and the sound of the castanets are always heard, the richest merchant in the place, a childless old man, sat in a luxurious house, while children marched in procession through the streets with waving flags and lighted tapers.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Spain	Spain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	7	advmod	_	_
5	balmy	balmy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	breezes	breeze	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	blow	blow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	over	over	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	Moorish	moorish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	cupolas	cupola	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	gently	gently	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	stir	stir	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	orange	orange	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	myrtle	myrtle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	groves	grove	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	22	advmod	_	_
22	singing	sing	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	19	acl	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	castanets	castanet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obl	_	_
29	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux:pass	_	_
30	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	31	advmod	_	_
31	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
34	richest	rich	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	35	amod	_	_
35	merchant	merchant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	conj	_	_
36	in	in	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
40	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
41	childless	childless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	amod	_	_
42	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	amod	_	_
43	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
45	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
46	in	in	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
47	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
48	luxurious	luxurious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	49	amod	_	_
49	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	52	punct	_	_
51	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	52	mark	_	_
52	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	45	obl	_	_
53	marched	march	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	52	acl	_	_
54	in	in	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
55	procession	procession	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	obl	_	_
56	through	through	ADP	IN	_	58	case	_	_
57	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	58	det	_	_
58	streets	street	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	53	obl	_	_
59	with	with	ADP	IN	_	61	case	_	_
60	waving	wave	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	61	amod	_	_
61	flags	flag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	58	nmod	_	_
62	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	64	cc	_	_
63	lighted	light	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	64	amod	_	_
64	tapers	taper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	61	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
65	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **blow** | present | balmy breezes |  |  | Spain |  | over the Moorish cupolas | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **stir** | infinitive | balmy breezes *not said here* | the orange and myrtle groves and the sound |  |  |  | gently *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus orange=Experiencer |
| 3 | **sing** *speech: express* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **hear** | present · passive |  | the sound *not said here* |  |  |  | of the castanets; always *property* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: of castanet=Stimulus |
| 5 | **sit** | past |  | children |  | a luxurious house |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in house=Location |
| 6 | **march** | participle |  | children *not said here* |  | procession |  | through the streets with waving flags and lighted tapers | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in procession=Trajectory |
| 7 | **wave** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **light** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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