---
title: "No one shall know," said the shadow; "not even my own shadow;" and… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: "No one shall know," said the shadow; "not even my own shadow;" and he had very particular reasons for saying so. Who acts: one, shadow, man, my. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Shadow, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Shadow, sentence 223

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"No one shall know," said the shadow; "not even my own shadow;" and he had very particular reasons for saying so.

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**Who acts:** one, shadow, man, my · **What happens:** know, say, have, shadow · **To what, where:** particular reasons · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Shadow. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, shadow, man, my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:165:223
# text = "No one shall know," said the shadow; "not even my own shadow;" and he had very particular reasons for saying so.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	3	det	_	_
3	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
12	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
14	even	even	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
15	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
16	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
23	very	very	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
24	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	reasons	reason	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	_
26	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
27	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	22	advcl	_	_
28	so	so	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** *in a quote* | shall | no one |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the shadow and my own shadow |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **have** | past | man | particular reasons |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Patient |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | man *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **shadow** *in a quote* |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom shadow «state transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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