---
title: "I think my shadow is the only living thing to be seen opposite," sa… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: "I think my shadow is the only living thing to be seen opposite," said the learned man; "see how pleasantly it sits among the flowers. Who acts: I, shadow, learned man, my. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Shadow, with its dependency tree and the pragmati
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Shadow, sentence 33

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"I think my shadow is the only living thing to be seen opposite," said the learned man; "see how pleasantly it sits among the flowers.

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**Who acts:** I, shadow, learned man, my · **What happens:** think, be, see, say, learn, sit · **To what, where:** only living thing, flowers · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Shadow. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, shadow, learned man, my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:165:33
# text = "I think my shadow is the only living thing to be seen opposite," said the learned man; "see how pleasantly it sits among the flowers.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	think	think	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	ccomp	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	only	only	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	living	living	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	ccomp	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
14	opposite	opposite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
17	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	learned	learn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	amod	_	_
20	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	conj	_	_
24	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	25	advmod	_	_
25	pleasantly	pleasantly	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
26	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	sits	sit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	ccomp	_	_
28	among	among	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* *in a quote* | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | my shadow | the only living thing |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **see** *in a quote* | to-infinitive · passive | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  | opposite *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V» |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the learned man |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **learn** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **see** *in a quote* | infinitive | the learned man *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 7 | **sit** *in a quote* | present | shadow |  |  | the flowers |  | pleasantly *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent among flower=Location |
| 8 | **shadow** *in a quote* |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom shadow «state transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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