---
title: Here it lay among a number of foreign companions, who were always co… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: Here it lay among a number of foreign companions, who were always coming and going, one taking the place of another, but the shilling from home was always put back, and had to remain in the purse, which was certainly a mark of distinction. Who acts: shilling, foreign companions, one, purse. A senten
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Silver Shilling, sentence 8

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Here it lay among a number of foreign companions, who were always coming and going, one taking the place of another, but the shilling from home was always put back, and had to remain in the purse, which was certainly a mark of distinction.

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**Who acts:** shilling, foreign companions, one, purse · **What happens:** lie, come, go, take, put back, have · **To what, where:** number, place, shilling, purse, mark

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Silver Shilling. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shilling, foreign companions, one, purse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:167:8
# text = Here it lay among a number of foreign companions, who were always coming and going, one taking the place of another, but the shilling from home was always put back, and had to remain in the purse, which was certainly a mark of distinction.
1	Here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	among	among	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	foreign	foreign	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	companions	companion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
12	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	14	advmod	_	_
14	coming	come	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	parataxis	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	19	nsubj	_	_
19	taking	take	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	conj	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
25	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	shilling	shilling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj:pass	_	_
28	from	from	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
30	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux:pass	_	_
31	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	32	advmod	_	_
32	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
33	back	back	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
36	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
37	to	to	PART	TO	_	38	mark	_	_
38	remain	remain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	36	xcomp	_	_
39	in	in	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	purse	purse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	47	punct	_	_
43	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	47	nsubj	_	_
44	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	47	cop	_	_
45	certainly	certainly	ADV	RB	_	47	advmod	_	_
46	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	47	det	_	_
47	mark	mark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	conj	_	_
48	of	of	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
49	distinction	distinction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | past | shilling |  |  | a number of foreign companions; here |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent among number=Location |
| 2 | **come** | past · progressive | foreign companions |  |  |  |  | always *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **go** | gerund | foreign companions *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **take** | gerund | one | the place of another |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Theme |
| 5 | **put back** | past · passive |  | the shilling from home |  |  |  | always *property* | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: subject=Goal |
| 6 | **have** | past | shilling *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **remain** | to-infinitive | shilling *not said here* |  |  | the purse and a mark |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in purse=Location |
| 8 | **is a** | past | the purse and a mark | a mark |  |  |  | of distinction; certainly *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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