---
title: Trees and bushes were covered with hoar frost, and looked like a for… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: Trees and bushes were covered with hoar frost, and looked like a forest of white coral; while on every twig glittered frozen dew-drops. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Snow Man, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Snow Man, sentence 31

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Trees and bushes were covered with hoar frost, and looked like a forest of white coral; while on every twig glittered frozen dew-drops.

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**What happens:** cover, look, glitter, freeze · **To what, where:** Trees, frozen dew drops, twig

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Snow Man. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:169:31
# text = Trees and bushes were covered with hoar frost, and looked like a forest of white coral; while on every twig glittered frozen dew-drops.
1	Trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	bushes	bush	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	hoar	hoar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	frost	frost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	coral	coral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
19	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
20	on	on	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	22	det	_	_
22	twig	twig	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
23	glittered	glitter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
24	frozen	freeze	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	27	amod	_	_
25	dew	dew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	drops	drop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | past · passive |  | Trees and bushes |  |  |  | with hoar frost | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with frost=Theme |
| 2 | **look** | past |  |  |  |  |  | like a forest of white coral | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **glitter** | past |  | frozen dew drops |  | every twig |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent drop=Theme |
| 4 | **freeze** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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