---
title: "Of course I know them," replied the yard-dog; "she has stroked my b… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: "Of course I know them," replied the yard-dog; "she has stroked my back many times, and he has given me a bone of meat. Who acts: yard dog, cold. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Snow Man, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Snow Man, sentence 43

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Of course I know them," replied the yard-dog; "she has stroked my back many times, and he has given me a bone of meat.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** yard dog, cold · **What happens:** know, reply, stroke, give · **To what, where:** drops, back, dog, young man · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Snow Man. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (yard dog, cold), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:169:43
# text = "Of course I know them," replied the yard-dog; "she has stroked my back many times, and he has given me a bone of meat.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Of	of	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADV	5	advmod	_	_
3	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	fixed	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	know	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
9	replied	reply	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
11	yard	yard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	stroked	stroke	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
19	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
25	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj:pass	_	_
26	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
27	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	conj	_	_
28	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	27	iobj	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	meat	meat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** *in a quote* | present | the yard dog *= dog* | drops *= drop* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **reply** *speech: assert* | past | the yard dog |  |  |  |  |  | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **stroke** *in a quote* | present · perfect | cold | my back |  |  | time |  | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent back=Experiencer |
| 4 | **give** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive |  | dog | the young man *= man* |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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