---
title: Poor little Kay had also received a small grain in his heart, which… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: Poor little Kay had also received a small grain in his heart, which very quickly turned to a lump of ice. Who acts: Poor little Kay. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, A Little Boy and a Little Girl, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, A Little Boy and a Little Girl, sentence 43

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Poor little Kay had also received a small grain in his heart, which very quickly turned to a lump of ice.

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**Who acts:** Poor little Kay · **What happens:** receive, turn · **To what, where:** small grain, heart, lump

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, A Little Boy and a Little Girl. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Poor little Kay), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:171:43
# text = Poor little Kay had also received a small grain in his heart, which very quickly turned to a lump of ice.
1	Poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Kay	Kay	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	received	receive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	grain	grain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	very	very	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	turned	turn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl:relcl	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	lump	lump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **receive** | past · perfect | Poor little Kay | a small grain |  | glass's heart |  |  | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent grain=Theme in heart=Location |
| 2 | **turn** | participle · passive |  | glass's heart |  | a lump of ice |  | quickly *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme to lump=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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