---
title: Then he recognized Gerda, and said, joyfully, "Gerda, dear little Ge… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: Then he recognized Gerda, and said, joyfully, "Gerda, dear little Gerda, where have you been all this time, and where have I been?" Who acts: Kay, you. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Of the Palace of the Snow Queen and What Happened There At Last, with its 
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Of the Palace of the Snow Queen and What Happened There At Last, sentence 27

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then he recognized Gerda, and said, joyfully, "Gerda, dear little Gerda, where have you been all this time, and where have I been?"

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Kay, you · **What happens:** recognize, say, have, be · **To what, where:** Gerda, time · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Of the Palace of the Snow Queen and What Happened There At Last. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kay, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:176:27
# text = Then he recognized Gerda, and said, joyfully, "Gerda, dear little Gerda, where have you been all this time, and where have I been?"
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	recognized	recognize	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Gerda	Gerda	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	joyfully	joyfully	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	Gerda	Gerda	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	dear	dear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
15	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	Gerda	Gerda	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	19	advmod	_	_
19	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
20	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
21	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	24	cop	_	_
22	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	24	det:predet	_	_
23	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	24	det	_	_
24	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	28	advmod	_	_
28	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
29	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
30	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	28	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **recognize** | past | Kay | Gerda |  |  | then |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer gerda=Stimulus |
| 2 | **say** *speech: ask* | past | Kay *not said here* |  |  |  |  | joyfully *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **have** *in a quote* | present | Kay *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is a** *in a quote* | participle | you | all time |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **have** *in a quote* | present | Kay |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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