--- title: It was winter-time; the air was cold, the wind was sharp, but within… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics description: It was winter-time; the air was cold, the wind was sharp, but within the closed doors it was warm and comfortable, and within the closed door lay the flower; it lay in the bulb under the snow-covered earth. Who acts: It, air, wind. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Ande --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/177/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/) / [The Snowdrop](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/177/) / 1 # Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Snowdrop, sentence 1 It was winter-time; the air was cold, the wind was sharp, but within the closed doors it was warm and comfortable, and within the closed door lay the flower; it lay in the bulb under the snow-covered earth. **Who acts:** It, air, wind · **What happens:** be, close, lay, lie, cover · **To what, where:** winter time, flower, bulb This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Snowdrop. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (It, air, wind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg27200:177:1 # text = It was winter-time; the air was cold, the wind was sharp, but within the closed doors it was warm and comfortable, and within the closed door lay the flower; it lay in the bulb under the snow-covered earth. 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _ 2 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 3 winter winter NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 4 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 3 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 5 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 6 ; ; PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 9 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _ 10 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 wind wind NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 14 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 cop _ _ 15 sharp sharp ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 16 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 17 but but CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 18 within within ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 20 closed close VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 21 amod _ _ 21 doors door NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obl _ _ 22 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 23 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 cop _ _ 24 warm warm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 parataxis _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 comfortable comfortable ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 27 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 29 within within ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 31 closed close VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 32 amod _ _ 32 door door NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obl _ _ 33 lay lay VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 conj _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 flower flower NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 36 ; ; PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 37 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 nsubj _ _ 38 lay lie VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 parataxis _ _ 39 in in ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 bulb bulb NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obl _ _ 42 under under ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 44 snow snow NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 45 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 44 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 46 covered cover VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 47 amod _ _ 47 earth earth NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 48 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | past | It | winter time | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **is** | past | the air | | | | | cold *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **is** | past | the wind | | | | | sharp *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **close** | participle | | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **is** | past | wind | | | | | within the closed doors; warm *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **be** | | wind *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **close** | participle | | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 8 | **lay** | present | wind *not said here* | the flower | | | | within the closed door | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flower=Result | | 9 | **lie** | past | wind | | | the bulb | | under the covered earth | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in bulb=Location | | 10 | **cover** | participle | | | | | | | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [Of the Palace of the Snow Qu…, 62](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/176/62/) - next →: [sentence 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/177/2/) - ↑ back to [The Snowdrop](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/177/)