---
title: He was wrapped in something that looked like a great horse-cloth; an… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: He was wrapped in something that looked like a great horse-cloth; and he required it truly to keep him warm, for it was cold winter; the country everywhere lay covered with snow and ice, and the wind blew so sharply that it cut one's face. Who acts: man, cloth, wind. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Ha
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Story of a Mother, sentence 4

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was wrapped in something that looked like a great horse-cloth; and he required it truly to keep him warm, for it was cold winter; the country everywhere lay covered with snow and ice, and the wind blew so sharply that it cut one's face.

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**Who acts:** man, cloth, wind · **What happens:** wrap, look, require, keep, be, cover · **To what, where:** man, something, cloth, country, face

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Story of a Mother. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, cloth, wind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:185:4
# text = He was wrapped in something that looked like a great horse-cloth; and he required it truly to keep him warm, for it was cold winter; the country everywhere lay covered with snow and ice, and the wind blew so sharply that it cut one's face.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	wrapped	wrap	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obl	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
10	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
11	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	required	require	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	truly	truly	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	advcl	_	_
22	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	_
23	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
25	for	for	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
26	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
27	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	cop	_	_
28	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	35	punct	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nsubj:pass	_	_
33	everywhere	everywhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	35	advmod	_	_
34	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	35	aux:pass	_	_
35	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
36	with	with	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
39	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	nsubj	_	_
44	blew	blow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
45	so	so	ADV	RB	_	46	advmod	_	_
46	sharply	sharply	ADV	RB	_	44	advmod	_	_
47	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	49	mark	_	_
48	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	49	nsubj	_	_
49	cut	cut	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	44	advcl	_	_
50	one	one	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	52	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	's	's	PART	POS	_	50	case	_	_
52	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wrap** | past · passive |  | man |  | something |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in something=Destination |
| 2 | **look** | past |  |  |  |  |  | like a great horse cloth | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **require** | past | man | cloth |  |  |  | truly *property* | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Precondition |
| 4 | **keep** | to-infinitive | man *not said here* | man |  |  |  | warm *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 5 | **is** | past | cloth |  |  |  |  | for cold winter | tree rules |
| 6 | **cover** | past · passive |  | the country |  |  |  | with snow and ice; everywhere *property* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with snow=Theme |
| 7 | **blow** | past | the wind |  |  |  |  | sharply *property* | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |
| 8 | **cut** | past | wind | one's face |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material face=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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