---
title: "I have made a discovery," he says, "the greatest that has been made… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: "I have made a discovery," he says, "the greatest that has been made for centuries; and they have kept me locked up here for more than twenty years!" Who acts: iron, pictures. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Thorny Road of Honor, with its dependency tree
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Thorny Road of Honor, sentence 28

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"I have made a discovery," he says, "the greatest that has been made for centuries; and they have kept me locked up here for more than twenty years!"

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** iron, pictures · **What happens:** make, say, keep, lock up · **To what, where:** discovery, that, pictures · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Thorny Road of Honor. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (iron, pictures), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:190:28
# text = "I have made a discovery," he says, "the greatest that has been made for centuries; and they have kept me locked up here for more than twenty years!"
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	ccomp	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	discovery	discovery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
12	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	greatest	great	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	10	ccomp	_	_
15	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	obl	_	_
16	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
17	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	parataxis	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	centuries	century	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj:pass	_	_
24	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	ccomp	_	_
26	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	25	obj	_	_
27	locked	lock	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	xcomp	_	_
28	up	up	ADP	RP	_	27	compound:prt	_	_
29	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	27	advmod	_	_
30	for	for	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
31	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV	33	advmod	_	_
32	than	than	ADP	IN	_	31	fixed	_	_
33	twenty	twenty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	34	nummod	_	_
34	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	25	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** *in a quote* | present · perfect | iron | a discovery |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent discovery=Product |
| 2 | **say** *speech: express* | present | iron |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **make** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive |  | that |  |  | century |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP» |
| 4 | **keep** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive |  | pictures *= picture* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **lock up** *in a quote* | participle | pictures *= picture* *not said here* |  |  | here | year |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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