---
title: "You'd better stay where you are," said the old Mother-Toad, "for yo… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: "You'd better stay where you are," said the old Mother-Toad, "for you know everything here, and you can tell what you have. Who acts: You, old Toad. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Toad, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Toad, sentence 24

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"You'd better stay where you are," said the old Mother-Toad, "for you know everything here, and you can tell what you have.

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**Who acts:** You, old Toad · **What happens:** stay, be, say, know, tell, have · **To what, where:** everything · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Toad. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, old Toad), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:194:24
# text = "You'd better stay where you are," said the old Mother-Toad, "for you know everything here, and you can tell what you have.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	'd	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	better	well	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	5	advmod	_	_
5	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	ccomp	_	_
6	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	8	advmod	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
11	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
13	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
14	Mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	Toad	Toad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
20	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	know	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	ccomp	_	_
22	everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	21	obj	_	_
23	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	21	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
26	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
27	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	parataxis	_	_
29	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	31	obj	_	_
30	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
31	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** *in a quote* | would | You |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **does** *in a quote* | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the old Toad |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **know** *in a quote* | present | you | everything |  | here |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer everything=Stimulus |
| 5 | **tell** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | can | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **have** *in a quote* | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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