---
title: Out in the churchyard were several graves, and on some of them the g… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: Out in the churchyard were several graves, and on some of them the grass had grown very high. Who acts: several graves. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Travelling Companion, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Travelling Companion, part 1, sentence 46

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Out in the churchyard were several graves, and on some of them the grass had grown very high.

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**Who acts:** several graves · **What happens:** be, grow · **To what, where:** churchyard, grass

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Travelling Companion, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (several graves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:196:46
# text = Out in the churchyard were several graves, and on some of them the grass had grown very high.
1	Out	out	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	churchyard	churchyard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
5	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	graves	grave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
11	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	15	nsubj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nmod	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
16	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
18	very	very	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | several graves |  |  | the churchyard |  | out *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in churchyard=Location |
| 2 | **grow** | past · perfect | several graves *not said here* |  |  | the grass |  | high *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on grass=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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